AWWA ACE68656

The goal of this pilot study was to show significant total organic carbon (TOC) removal (and thus Trihalomethane (THM) reduction) in the ultrafiltration (UF) membranes, nanofiltration (NF) membranes, and anion exchange media. Organics removal in the UF was aided by the addition of a coagulant (aluminum chlorohydrate (ACH)) to help develop a pin floc for removal by the UF membranes. URS narrowed the process solutions to several, including: ultrafiltration followed by nanofiltration for organics removal and softening; ultrafiltration followed by nanofiltration (NF) with NF bypass treated with Strong Base Anion (SBA) Exchange Resins - and/or - NF feed pretreated with SBA resins; and, ultrafiltration followed by Strong Base Anion Exchange Resins for Organics Removal and Sodium Cycle Ion Exchange Softening. Includes figures.