AWWA ACE70886

This powerpoint presentation begins by providing a brief overview of desalination concentration management and disposal. Intermediate Concentrate Chemical Stabilization (ICCS) removes scale forming constituents that limit recovery, and projected conceptual system total chemical costs for lime ICCS are much lower than caustic soda ICCS. A one year test is presented, consisting of groundwater and blend water phases. Conclusions indicate that: ICCS is the most economic way approaching zero liquid discharge (ZLD) salinity management; 95% overall recovery can be achieved on both brackish surface and groundwater using ICCS and secondary RO; and, ICCS reactor removes 70 to 80% total silica on average. However, colloidal silica in the surface water causes fouling.