AWWA WQTC69289

Utilities are implementing lead remediation strategies, such as the addition of phosphate, to control lead concentrations in their distribution systems. This research monitors the transformation of hydrocerussite to lower solubility lead phosphates in real-time, using Raman spectroscopy in a flow through reactor. The data will then be used to develop conceptual models for the specific processes governing the transformation of hydrocerussite to lead phosphates. Important processes include: dissolution, nucleation and crystal growth, particle-particle interactions, or direct solid-state conversion. In the near future, mathematical models for each approach are being tested to provide insight into the transformation process. Includes 20 references, figures.