AWWA WQTC71649

This powerpoint presentation begins by providing a brief overview of Singapore and its efforts at closing the urban water cycle. An overview of the NEWater Concept is presented, along with the NEWater Treatment Process, NEWater Demonstration Plant, and Sampling and Monitoring Program (SAMP). A health effects study is presented that complements the SAMP to determine the safety of NEWater, including toxicological assessment of NEWater against reservoir water, and the short- and long-term health effects on two animal species, mice and fish, including long-term toxicity and carcinogenicity assessment, as well as estrogenic (reproductive and development) assessment. PUB's R&D strategy is presented, along with membrane bioreactors, membrane distillation bioreactor (MDBR), Capacitive Deionization (CDI), and Singapore International Water Week. Includes table.