CREATE COLOUR MODEL INSPIRED BY CONES SPECTRAL SENSITIVITY IN THE RETINA OF THE HUMAN EYE (PO36, Pages 365-377)

Many colour description models have appeared since the old Greeks through Davinci and Goethe reaching to the modern colour description models which are based on the studies of Newton and Maxwell on light such as the studies of Chevreul, and Munsell and others. Finally reaching to the (CIE Lab) and (CIE xyz) colour models of the Commission Internationale de l'eclairage. The problem of the current study aroused by the study of these systems as these models based only on the physical aspects of colours which caused insufficiency in the explanation of many colour phenomena such as sparkling and the increase of the visual perception of secondary colours on the expense of primary colours and the relationship between the violet, red and blue in the visible spectrum. Thus, the aim of this research is to develop a three-dimensional colour description model basically depends on the spectral response curves of cones in the human eye retina, as it is considered the real tool for colour perception. To achieve this, the researchers used the descriptive and the experimental analytical methods to study the colour phenomena that other colour models failed to explain through three-dimensional colour description model that depends on the spectral response curves of cones in human eye retina, such as the production of all colour grades that can be recognized by the human eye. Moreover, this research has clarified the reasons behind the increasing visual perception for some secondary colours on the expense of some primary colours that cones sensitive region differs for each primary colour. Additionally, the research tried to confirm the independence of violet colour as a separate wavelength. Finally, the research attempted to interpret saturation and sparkling phenomena in metallic colours through chromatic vision of the rods in the retina. The results confirm the hypothesis search and lead to the recommendations to expand on the study of the impact of visual perception in colour science and in particular the effect of colour constants.