IEEE P2686

This recommended practice includes information on the design, installation, and configuration of battery management systems in stationary applications, including both grid-interactive, standalone cycling and standby modes. This document covers battery management hardware, software, and configuration. Hardware capabilities in large systems include: grounding and isolation; passive and active balancing; and wired or wireless sensors. Software capabilities include: algorithms for optimal operation with reduced risk; best practices for verification and validation; alarms; and communication with external systems. Common settings are discussed along with setting selection methods. Battery types that this document covers include lithium-ion, sodium-beta, advanced lead-acid, and flow batteries. General factors for other types are provided. This document does not cover battery management systems for mobile applications such as electric vehicles; nor does it include operation in vehicle-to-grid applications. Energy management systems, which control the dispatch of power and energy to and from the grid, are not covered. Well-designed battery management is critical for the safety and longevity of batteries in stationary applications. This document is intended to inform battery system designers and integrators in the challenges to battery management design. This document assists in the selection between design options by supplying the pros and cons of a range of technical solutions. Many aspects of battery management design require integration with other systems such as energy management or charge control systems. System integration can be made difficult or impossible without a minimal level of communication interface and control interface standardization. To address this issue, this document offers recommendations and best practices for interface design to streamline system integration. New IEEE Standard - Active - Draft. This document includes information and recommendations on the design, configuration, and interoperability of battery management systems in stationary applications. It considers the battery management system to be a functionally distinct component of a battery energy storage system that includes active functions necessary to protect the battery from modes of operation that could impact its safety or longevity. It provides recommendations on how to configure a battery management system to protect a given battery type in each application environment. Lastly, it stipulates recommended communication structures and data models that help support interoperability and cybersecurity. The result is a comprehensive list of best practices around the design and integration of battery management systems that protect the safety and longevity of batteries in energy storage applications.